Hiivatulehdus

Hiivatulehdus, also known as candidiasis or a yeast infection, is a common fungal infection caused by Candida species, most often Candida albicans. These fungi are naturally present on the skin and in mucous membranes, including the mouth, gut, and vagina, and usually do not cause problems. However, an overgrowth of Candida can lead to an infection.

Factors that can contribute to hiivatulehdus include a weakened immune system due to illness or medication, use of antibiotics which can disrupt the natural balance of microorganisms, hormonal changes such as during pregnancy or menopause, and conditions like diabetes. Symptoms vary depending on the location of the infection. For example, vaginal yeast infections can cause itching, burning, and a thick, white discharge. Oral thrush may present as white patches in the mouth and throat, soreness, and difficulty swallowing. Skin candidiasis can result in a red, itchy rash, often in moist areas like armpits or groin.

Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination and sometimes laboratory tests, such as a swab of the affected area to identify the fungus. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, which can be topical creams, ointments, or oral medications. For mild cases, over-the-counter remedies are often effective. Maintaining good hygiene and managing underlying health conditions can help prevent recurrences.