Hiilidioksidilla

Hiilidioksidilla, known in English as carbon dioxide, is a colorless, odorless, and non-flammable gas with the chemical formula CO₂. It is a naturally occurring component of Earth's atmosphere and plays a crucial role in various biological and geological processes.

Carbon dioxide is produced by respiration in living organisms, the combustion of organic materials, volcanic activity, and the decay of organic matter. It is also used industrially in the production of carbonated beverages, as a refrigerant, in fire extinguishers, and in chemical manufacturing.

In the natural carbon cycle, CO₂ is absorbed by plants during photosynthesis, where it is converted into organic compounds, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. The gas is also stored in oceans, soils, and fossil fuels. Human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have led to an increase in atmospheric CO₂ levels, contributing significantly to global climate change due to the greenhouse effect.

Carbon dioxide has several physical properties; it sublimates at -78.5°C under atmospheric pressure, transitioning directly from solid to gas. It dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which contributes to ocean acidification.

While essential for life and various industrial applications, elevated concentrations of CO₂ in the atmosphere are of environmental concern. Monitoring and managing its emissions are key components of efforts to mitigate climate change and protect ecological balance.