HLAhaplpatípusok

HLAhaplpatípusok refer to specific combinations of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes inherited together on the same chromosome. These gene complexes are located on chromosome 6 and play a crucial role in the immune system's ability to distinguish between self and non-self, making them vital for transplant compatibility and understanding susceptibility to certain diseases. Instead of inheriting individual HLA alleles, individuals inherit a set of alleles, known as an haplotype, from each parent. Therefore, each person possesses two haplotypes for each HLA gene locus. The term "HLAhaplotype" specifically refers to these inherited blocks of alleles. The diversity of HLA haplotypes is immense, contributing to the individuality of immune responses and making it challenging for organ transplantation. Understanding HLA haplotypes is essential in fields like transplant medicine, where matching donor and recipient haplotypes can significantly reduce the risk of rejection. Furthermore, associations between specific HLA haplotypes and various autoimmune diseases, infectious disease susceptibility, and drug hypersensitivity reactions have been established, offering insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.