HALEU

HALEU (High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium) is a specialized form of uranium characterized by a higher concentration of the fissile isotope uranium-235 (U-235) than typically used in commercial nuclear reactors. While conventional low-enriched uranium (LEU) contains up to 5% U-235, HALEU typically ranges from 5% to 20% U-235. This elevated enrichment level makes HALEU particularly valuable for advanced nuclear reactor designs, including small modular reactors (SMRs) and some research reactors, as it offers greater energy density and operational efficiency.

The production of HALEU involves enriching uranium to the desired higher levels of U-235, which requires sophisticated facilities and technology. Unlike highly enriched uranium (HEU), which exceeds 20% U-235 and has proliferation concerns, HALEU maintains a balance between enhanced performance and nuclear security.

HALEU is used to improve reactor performance, enabling longer fuel cycles and higher power outputs. Its utilization supports innovations in nuclear energy, such as reducing waste and enhancing safety features. Several countries and private companies are investing in the development, production, and utilization of HALEU to advance nuclear technology and support clean energy initiatives.

Currently, the supply chain for HALEU is developing, with facilities dedicated to its production and handling being established in various regions. Its use is regulated by nuclear authorities to ensure safety and security. As nuclear technology progresses, HALEU is expected to play a significant role in the future of sustainable and efficient nuclear power generation.