Hüftgelenk

The Hüftgelenk, or hip joint, is a ball-and-socket synovial joint that connects the femur to the pelvis. It is a crucial joint for locomotion, enabling a wide range of motion including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation. The ball portion is the femoral head, which is covered in articular cartilage. The socket is formed by the acetabulum, a cup-shaped cavity in the pelvis, also lined with cartilage. The joint is further stabilized by a strong fibrous capsule and several ligaments, including the iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments. A ring of fibrocartilage called the labrum deepens the acetabulum, enhancing stability and contributing to the seal of the joint. The hip joint is nourished by synovial fluid, which lubricates the surfaces and provides nutrients to the cartilage. Common conditions affecting the hip joint include osteoarthritis, hip fractures, and hip dysplasia. Pain and limited mobility are typical symptoms of hip joint issues. Treatment options vary depending on the condition and severity, ranging from conservative measures like physical therapy and pain management to surgical interventions such as hip replacement.