Gyomornedvelválasztás

Gyomornedvelválasztás refers to the process by which the stomach secretes gastric juice. This complex digestive fluid is crucial for breaking down food and preparing it for further digestion and absorption in the intestines. The production of gastric juice is a regulated process involving several components.

The main components of gastric juice include hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, intrinsic factor, and mucus. Hydrochloric acid serves multiple purposes: it creates an acidic environment that kills ingested microorganisms, denatures proteins, and activates pepsinogen into pepsin. Pepsin is a protease, an enzyme that begins the digestion of proteins by breaking them down into smaller peptides. Intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine. Mucus acts as a protective barrier, lining the stomach wall to prevent self-digestion by the strong acids and enzymes.

The secretion of gastric juice is stimulated by various factors, including the sight, smell, and taste of food (cephalic phase), the presence of food in the stomach (gastric phase), and the presence of partially digested food in the small intestine (intestinal phase). Hormones like gastrin play a significant role in regulating this secretion. The absence or malfunction of gyomornedvelválasztás can lead to various digestive issues, highlighting its importance in maintaining gastrointestinal health.