Grundwasseraufströme

Grundwasseraufströme, also known as groundwater upwelling or springs, are geological phenomena where groundwater flows from below the surface to the Earth's surface. This occurs when groundwater pressure at depth exceeds the pressure at the surface. The water can emerge in various locations, including springs, seeps, and even underwater in lakes and oceans.

The formation of groundwater upwelling is primarily driven by hydrostatic pressure within underground aquifers. If an aquifer is tilted or if its discharge point is lower than its recharge area, the water will naturally flow towards the surface. Impermeable layers of rock or soil can also create confined aquifers where water is under pressure, leading to upward movement when these layers are breached.

Groundwater upwelling plays a crucial role in maintaining surface water bodies like rivers and lakes, especially during dry periods. It is also a vital source of drinking water in many regions and supports unique ecosystems adapted to these consistently moist environments. Human activities such as groundwater extraction can impact the natural flow and intensity of these upwelling zones. Changes in land use and construction can also alter groundwater flow patterns, potentially affecting or even eliminating natural springs.