Gossypion

Gossypion is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions. The genus is best known for containing species that are cultivated for cotton, a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of cotton plants.

The most widely cultivated species is Gossypium hirsutum, commonly known as American Upland cotton, which accounts for approximately 90% of the world's cotton production. Other important species include Gossypium barbadense, known for its long-staple fibers, and Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium herbaceum, which are more common in Asia and Africa.

Cotton fibers are primarily composed of cellulose, a natural polymer. The fibers are spun into yarn, which is then used to make a variety of textile products, including clothing, bedding, and towels. Cottonseed, a byproduct of cotton production, is a valuable source of oil and protein, used in animal feed and for edible oil production.

The cultivation of cotton has a long history, dating back thousands of years. It has played a significant role in the economies and cultures of many regions. While cotton is a vital agricultural commodity, its production can have environmental impacts, including significant water usage and the need for pest control. Research and development continue to focus on improving cotton varieties for increased yield, fiber quality, and sustainability.