Glikémia

Glikémia refers to the concentration of glucose in the blood. Glucose, a simple sugar, is the primary source of energy for the body's cells. Maintaining stable glikémia levels is crucial for proper bodily function, and this regulation is primarily managed by hormones, most notably insulin and glucagon, produced by the pancreas.

When glikémia levels rise, typically after eating, the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose from the bloodstream into cells, where it can be used for energy or stored for later use. Conversely, if glikémia levels drop too low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. Glucagon signals the liver to release stored glucose (glycogen) into the bloodstream, thereby increasing glikémia.

Abnormal glikémia levels can lead to various health conditions. Persistently high glikémia is characteristic of diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder that can cause long-term damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs. Low glikémia, known as hypoglycemia, can occur due to various factors, including certain medications, excessive alcohol consumption, or insufficient food intake, and can manifest as symptoms like dizziness, confusion, and even loss of consciousness. Monitoring glikémia is a key aspect of managing diabetes and overall metabolic health.