Glükoolilahust

Glükoolilahust, also known as glucose oxidase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. It is widely used in various industries due to its unique properties and applications. The enzyme is naturally produced by certain fungi, such as *Aspergillus niger*, and bacteria, including *Penicillium notatum*.

One of the most common uses of glucose oxidase is in the food industry, particularly in the production of low-lactose milk. The enzyme breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, reducing the lactose content and improving digestibility for lactose-intolerant individuals. It is also employed in the clarification of fruit juices and wines, where it helps remove cloudiness by oxidizing sugars and other impurities.

In medical applications, glucose oxidase is utilized in diagnostic tests for glucose levels in blood, such as those used by diabetics. The enzyme reacts with glucose in a sample, producing hydrogen peroxide, which is then detected through a colorimetric or electrochemical method. This provides a quick and accurate measurement of blood glucose concentration.

Additionally, glucose oxidase finds use in the textile industry for the bleaching of fabrics, where it helps remove stains and brighten colors. Its ability to generate hydrogen peroxide in situ makes it an effective alternative to traditional bleaching agents. The enzyme is also explored in biosensors and environmental monitoring for detecting glucose and other analytes.

Glucose oxidase is typically derived through fermentation processes using genetically modified microorganisms or through extraction from natural sources. It is often immobilized on solid supports to enhance stability and reusability in industrial applications. The enzyme operates optimally under mild conditions, making it suitable for a wide range of applications without requiring harsh reagents.