Generátors

Generators are devices that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. This conversion is typically achieved through the principle of electromagnetic induction. A generator consists of a rotating part, usually a rotor, and a stationary part, the stator. The rotor contains magnets or electromagnets, while the stator has coils of wire. As the rotor spins, its magnetic field changes in relation to the stator coils. This fluctuating magnetic field induces an electric current in the coils according to Faraday's law of induction.

The mechanical energy to drive the rotor can come from various sources, including steam turbines powered by burning fossil fuels or nuclear reactions, water turbines in hydroelectric dams, wind turbines, or internal combustion engines. The type of current produced by a generator can be direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC). DC generators produce a current that flows in one direction, while AC generators produce a current that periodically reverses direction. Most power grids utilize AC generators due to the ease of voltage transformation and transmission. Generators are fundamental to modern electricity production and are found in power plants, backup power systems, and portable applications.