Generátor

'generátor' (Hungarian for generator) is a device that converts energy from one form into electrical energy. In its most common form, a generátor transforms mechanical energy into electricity by electromagnetic induction, typically producing alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) depending on the design.

Two broad categories are DC generators and AC generators. A DC generator uses a commutator to deliver direct current, while an AC generator induces alternating current in stationary or rotating windings. Modern units are often brushless and may use permanent magnets or electromagnets to create the rotating magnetic field. Generátor designs range from small portable units to large industrial machines.

Historically, the concept developed from experiments by Michael Faraday in the 1830s, which demonstrated that electricity can be generated by moving a conductor in a magnetic field. The term dynamo was used for early machines; by the late 19th century 'generator' became the standard term.

Applications include backup power for homes and businesses, portable power for remote work sites, and large-scale electricity production in power plants. Performance depends on the speed of the mechanical drive, magnetic field strength, and winding design. Generators require cooling, lubrication, and protection against overload and electrical faults.

Safety and compliance are important; users should follow manufacturer instructions and local electrical codes. Ongoing maintenance covers lubrication of moving parts, inspection of wiring and insulation, and periodic testing of safety features.