Gelenkstabilität

Gelenkstabilität refers to the stability of a joint, which is its ability to resist displacement or dislocation. This stability is crucial for proper joint function and preventing injury. It is maintained by a combination of factors.

Passive stabilizers include the joint capsule, ligaments, and the shape of the bones themselves. The joint capsule is a fibrous sac that encloses the joint, and ligaments are strong bands of connective tissue that connect bone to bone, providing support and limiting excessive movement. The congruency and fit of the articular surfaces of the bones also contribute to passive stability.

Active stabilizers are primarily muscles and their tendons that cross the joint. These muscles contract to dynamically control joint position and absorb forces, providing stability during movement. Muscle strength, coordination, and proprioception (the body's sense of joint position) are essential for active stability.

Instability can arise from damage to these stabilizing structures, such as ligament tears or muscle weakness. This can lead to pain, recurrent dislocations, and long-term joint damage if not addressed. Rehabilitation often focuses on strengthening muscles and improving proprioception to enhance the joint's ability to stabilize itself.