GLABRA2

GLABRA2 is a gene found in various plant species, including Arabidopsis thaliana. It belongs to the homeodomain leucine-zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factor family. These are proteins that play crucial roles in plant development, particularly in the regulation of gene expression. The GLABRA2 gene is primarily known for its involvement in the development of epidermal outgrowths, specifically trichomes (hairs) and root hairs.

In Arabidopsis, mutations in GLABRA2 often result in a glabrous phenotype, meaning the plant lacks trichomes. This gene acts as a key regulator in the specification and differentiation of trichome precursor cells. It influences the decision of whether a cell will become a trichome or remain a pavement cell. GLABRA2 is thought to function in a complex regulatory network, interacting with other genes to control the pattern and number of trichomes on the plant surface.

Beyond trichome development, GLABRA2 also has a role in root hair formation. Similar to its function in shoot epidermis, it contributes to the development of root hairs, which are essential for water and nutrient uptake. The expression pattern of GLABRA2 is tightly controlled, ensuring its function at the appropriate times and locations during plant development. Understanding GLABRA2's function provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms of cell differentiation and pattern formation in plants.