Fázisátmeneti

Fázisátmeneti refers to a phase transition in physics and chemistry. It is a physical process that occurs when a thermodynamic system changes from one state, or phase, to another. Common examples include melting, freezing, boiling, and condensation. These transitions typically occur at specific temperatures and pressures.

During a phase transition, the physical properties of the substance, such as its density, viscosity, and heat capacity, change abruptly. For instance, when water freezes into ice, its density decreases, and its structure becomes more ordered. Similarly, when water boils into steam, its density dramatically decreases, and it becomes a gas.

Phase transitions are often accompanied by a latent heat, which is the energy absorbed or released during the transition without a change in temperature. For example, melting ice requires energy input (latent heat of fusion), while freezing water releases energy. Boiling water also requires latent heat (latent heat of vaporization).

The study of phase transitions is crucial in understanding the behavior of matter under different conditions. It has applications in various fields, including materials science, meteorology, and engineering. The concept is also extended to describe transitions in other systems, such as magnetic materials undergoing a transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic states.