Fraktioinnin

Fraktioinnin, often translated as fractionation, is a process used to separate a mixture into its individual components or fractions. This separation is typically based on differences in physical or chemical properties. The specific method employed depends on the nature of the mixture and the properties of its constituents.

Common types of fractionation include distillation, which separates liquids based on their boiling points, and chromatography, which separates compounds based on their differential partitioning between a stationary and a mobile phase. Crystallization can also be considered a form of fractionation, where components are separated by differences in their solubility and ability to form crystals. In some biological contexts, fractionation refers to the separation of cellular components, such as organelles or proteins, through techniques like centrifugation or electrophoresis. The goal of all fractionation processes is to achieve a purer form of each component, enabling further analysis, purification, or utilization. This technique is widely applied in various scientific and industrial fields, including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, food processing, and environmental science.