Fototoksisten

Fototoksisten is a term that describes a substance or compound that becomes toxic or causes harm when exposed to light. This toxicity can manifest in various ways, including skin irritation, allergic reactions, or more severe cellular damage. The light exposure, often ultraviolet (UV) radiation, provides the necessary energy for the fototoksisten compound to undergo a chemical reaction. This reaction can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species or other damaging byproducts that then interact with biological tissues.

Several everyday substances can exhibit fototoksisten properties. Certain medications, particularly antibiotics and diuretics, are known to increase photosensitivity. Topical agents like some fragrances, essential oils, and sunscreens can also be fototoksisten if they contain specific ingredients that react with sunlight. Even some plant compounds, known as furanocoumarins, found in citrus fruits and parsnips, can cause phytophotodermatitis, a fototoksisten reaction, when skin comes into contact with them and is subsequently exposed to sunlight.

The effects of fototoksisten reactions are typically dose-dependent, meaning the severity of the reaction is related to the amount of the substance and the duration and intensity of light exposure. Prevention involves avoiding exposure to sunlight or other light sources after contact with a fototoksisten agent, using protective clothing, and seeking shade. In cases of adverse reactions, medical attention may be necessary to manage symptoms and prevent complications.