Forgattyúshajtó

Forgattyúshajtó is a Hungarian term that translates to "crank drive" or "crank mechanism" in English. It refers to a mechanical system that converts rotational motion into linear motion, or vice versa, using a crank and a connecting rod. This fundamental mechanical linkage is widely employed in various machines and devices.

The core components of a forgattyúshajtó system are the crank, which is typically a rotating arm attached to a shaft, and the connecting rod, which links the crank to the object undergoing linear motion. As the crank rotates, the connecting rod pushes and pulls, causing the attached component to move back and forth in a straight line. Conversely, a linear reciprocating motion applied to the connecting rod can induce rotational motion in the crank.

Examples of forgattyúshajtó systems are abundant in everyday technology. Internal combustion engines utilize this mechanism to convert the explosive force of fuel into the rotation of the crankshaft, which ultimately powers a vehicle. Pedal-powered bicycles also employ a crank drive, where the rider's leg motion is converted into the rotation of the wheels. Historically, hand-operated pumps and sewing machines also featured forgattyúshajtó mechanisms. The simplicity and reliability of this design have made it a cornerstone of mechanical engineering for centuries.