Finantsteoorias

Finantsteoorias, also known as financial theory, is a broad academic discipline that encompasses the study of financial markets, financial instruments, and financial decision-making. It seeks to understand how individuals, businesses, and governments allocate capital and make investment choices in the face of uncertainty and risk. Key areas within financial theory include asset pricing, corporate finance, and behavioral finance.

Asset pricing theories, such as the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), aim to explain how the prices of assets like stocks and bonds are determined and whether markets are efficient in reflecting all available information. Corporate finance focuses on how companies make decisions regarding their capital structure, investment projects, and dividend policies to maximize shareholder value. Behavioral finance, a more recent development, integrates psychological insights into financial decision-making, acknowledging that investors may not always act rationally as assumed in traditional models.

The ultimate goal of financial theory is to provide frameworks and models that can help agents make better financial decisions, improve the functioning of financial markets, and understand the dynamics of the global economy. It is a constantly evolving field, with new research continually refining existing theories and introducing new perspectives.