Fiberproteiner

Fiberproteiner, also known as fibrous proteins or structural proteins, are a class of proteins that are characterized by their elongated, filamentous structure. Unlike globular proteins, which fold into compact, spherical shapes, fiberproteiner typically have long, linear chains that can be arranged in parallel to form fibers or sheets. This structural characteristic contributes to their primary roles in providing mechanical support and strength to cells and tissues.

Key examples of fiberproteiner include collagen, elastin, keratin, and actin. Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals and is a major component of connective tissues like tendons, ligaments, and skin, providing tensile strength. Elastin, found in tissues that need to stretch and recoil, such as blood vessels and lungs, gives these tissues elasticity. Keratin is the primary structural material in hair, nails, and the outer layer of the skin, offering protection and toughness. Actin filaments are crucial components of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells, involved in cell shape, movement, and muscle contraction.

The amino acid sequences of fiberproteiner are often repetitive, contributing to their ordered and extended structures. The specific arrangement of these proteins, often through cross-linking and polymerization, allows them to form strong and resilient structures that are essential for the integrity and function of many biological systems. Their insolubility in water is another common feature, which further enhances their structural stability.