Feltételes

Feltételes is a Hungarian term meaning conditional. It denotes a relationship in which an action, statement, or event depends on a condition being met. The concept appears across linguistics, probability, logic, and computer science, where it describes contingency, dependency, or hypothetical situations.

In Hungarian grammar, feltételes mode (feltételes mód) marks actions that would occur under certain conditions or in polite requests. It has present and past tenses. The present involves attaching a set of endings to the verb stem (for example, “Szeretnék” meaning “I would like”). It is used in clauses introduced by “ha” (if) as well as in polite phrases expressing wishes.

In probability theory, conditional probability expresses the probability of an event A given that another event B has occurred. It is written P(A|B) and defined as P(A|B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B) when P(B) > 0. Conditioning updates probabilities using available information and is fundamental to statistics, risk assessment, and inference.

In logic, a conditional is the statement “if P then Q” (an implication). It is a truth-functional connective, with semantics that can differ from everyday language. In classical logic, P → Q is true whenever P is false or Q is true.

In computer science, conditional statements control program flow by testing a condition and executing different blocks accordingly. Common forms include if, else if, and switch statements, which enable algorithms to respond to varying inputs and states.