Farbphosphore

Farbphosphore are luminescent materials that emit visible light when stimulated by optical, thermal, or electrical energy. They encompass fluorescent and phosphorescent substances whose emitted color depends on the host lattice and the dopant ions. In modern technology, Farbphosphore are used in phosphor-converted light sources and as glow-in-the-dark pigments. Typical hosts include oxide, sulfide, or nitride lattices, with emission colors tuned by dopant ions such as europium, cerium, terbium, or manganese.

Mechanism aside, when the dopant is excited, electrons move to higher energy levels and then return to lower ones, emitting photons. Fluorescent emissions occur in nanoseconds, while phosphorescent afterglow can persist from milliseconds to hours after excitation, depending on trap states in the material.

Colors produced by Farbphosphore range from blue and green to yellow, orange, and red, achieved through different host–dopant combinations. Well-known examples include SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ (green afterglow), SrS:Eu2+ (yellow-orange), and Y2O2S:Eu2+,Dy3+ (orange/red).

Applications of Farbphosphore are central to white-light LEDs via phosphor-converted schemes, backlit displays, and signage. They are also used in luminescent inks, security features, and paints or plastics that glow in the dark. Safety and environmental considerations arise because some phosphors rely on rare-earth elements or heavy metals; handling and disposal follow applicable regulations. Ongoing research seeks higher stability, greater efficiency, and tailored emission spectra, including narrower-band colors for displays.

See also: Phosphor, Phosphorescence, Luminescent material, Display technology, White LED.