Fagotsütaarne

Fagotsütaarne refers to the process of phagocytosis, a cellular mechanism by which certain cells engulf and ingest larger particles. This is a fundamental process in biology, crucial for various physiological functions. The term itself originates from the Greek words "phagein" (to eat) and "kytos" (cell), literally meaning "cell eating."

Cells that perform phagocytosis are known as phagocytes. These include specialized white blood cells like macrophages and neutrophils in animals, as well as other cell types in various organisms. The process typically begins with the phagocyte recognizing a target particle, which could be a bacterium, virus, cellular debris, or even foreign material. This recognition is often mediated by specific receptors on the phagocyte's surface that bind to molecules on the target.

Following recognition, the phagocyte extends its plasma membrane, forming pseudopods that surround the particle. These pseudopods then fuse, enclosing the particle within a membrane-bound vesicle called a phagosome. The phagosome then fuses with lysosomes, which contain digestive enzymes and other antimicrobial agents. This fusion creates a phagolysosome where the ingested material is broken down and neutralized. The resulting waste products are then expelled from the cell. Fagotsütaarne is essential for immune defense, tissue homeostasis, and nutrient acquisition in some organisms.