Fagocitárias

Fagocitárias refers to cells that exhibit phagocytosis, a cellular process of engulfing large particles. These cells are a crucial component of the immune system in multicellular organisms. The most well-known fagocitárias cells are macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. They play a vital role in defending the body against pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, as well as clearing cellular debris and initiating inflammatory responses.

The process of phagocytosis involves the fagocitárias cell extending its cell membrane, forming pseudopods, to surround and internalize the target particle within a vesicle called a phagosome. This phagosome then fuses with lysosomes, which contain digestive enzymes and reactive oxygen species, to break down and eliminate the engulfed material. Some fagocitárias cells, like macrophages and dendritic cells, are also antigen-presenting cells. After digesting a pathogen, they can display fragments of it on their surface to T cells, thus initiating a more specific adaptive immune response.

The presence and activity of fagocitárias cells are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and preventing the spread of infection. Dysfunctional phagocytosis can lead to increased susceptibility to disease or the development of autoimmune disorders. Research into fagocitárias cells continues to expand our understanding of immunity and has implications for developing new therapeutic strategies for various diseases.