Fáziskorrekció

Fáziskorrekció is a technical term used in electrical engineering and signal processing that refers to the process of adjusting the phase relationship between different components of a signal or between a signal and a reference. This adjustment is often necessary to improve the performance or efficiency of a system.

In alternating current (AC) power systems, fáziskorrekció, often referred to as power factor correction, aims to bring the phase angle between voltage and current as close to zero as possible. A large phase difference leads to inefficient power delivery, increased energy losses, and can result in penalties from utility companies. Inductive loads, such as motors, tend to cause the current to lag behind the voltage, creating a negative phase angle. Capacitive loads, conversely, cause the current to lead the voltage. Fáziskorrekció typically involves adding capacitors to inductive circuits or inductors to capacitive circuits to counteract these phase shifts.

In signal processing, fáziskorrekció can be applied to audio or radio frequency signals. For instance, in audio, it can be used to ensure that all frequency components of a complex sound arrive at the listener at the same time, leading to a clearer and more accurate reproduction. In telecommunications, precise phase alignment is crucial for maintaining signal integrity and enabling reliable data transmission. The methods employed for fáziskorrekció in signal processing vary widely depending on the application and can involve digital filtering, phase shifters, or specific modulation techniques.