Fázisdiagramjai

Fázisdiagramjai, often translated as phase diagrams, are graphical representations used in various scientific fields, particularly in materials science, chemistry, and physics, to illustrate the stable phases of a substance or mixture under different conditions. These diagrams typically plot temperature on one axis and pressure or composition on another. The lines on a phase diagram represent phase boundaries, where two or more phases can coexist in equilibrium.

Key features of a phase diagram include single-phase regions, where only one phase is stable, and multi-phase regions, where multiple phases exist together. Points of particular interest are critical points and triple points. A critical point marks the end of a phase boundary, beyond which the distinction between two phases disappears (e.g., liquid and gas). A triple point is a unique condition where three phases coexist in equilibrium.

For a pure substance, a common phase diagram plots pressure against temperature, showing regions for solid, liquid, and gas phases. For mixtures, phase diagrams can be more complex, often showing composition at a constant pressure (e.g., atmospheric pressure) and varying temperature. These diagrams are crucial for understanding and predicting the behavior of materials during processes like melting, boiling, solidification, and phase transformations. They help in designing alloys, optimizing chemical reactions, and understanding geological formations.