Exército

Exército refers to the land warfare branch of a country's armed forces. It is responsible for conducting military operations on land, including defense, offense, and occupation. The organization and structure of armies vary significantly between nations, reflecting their strategic priorities, geopolitical environment, and historical development.

Common components of an exército include infantry, cavalry (now typically armored units), artillery, engineers, and logistics support. Modern armies also incorporate specialized units such as special forces, aviation, and cyber warfare capabilities. Personnel are typically organized into divisions, brigades, battalions, and smaller units.

The primary roles of an exército generally encompass national defense, projecting power abroad, maintaining internal security, and participating in peacekeeping or humanitarian missions. Recruitment and conscription policies differ worldwide, with some nations relying on volunteers and others employing mandatory military service. Training and education are crucial for maintaining a proficient fighting force, covering tactical maneuvers, strategic planning, and the operation of advanced weaponry. The exército is a fundamental element of national sovereignty and security for many states.