Escambray

Escambray is a mountain range located in central Cuba. It is the second largest mountain range in Cuba, after the Sierra Maestra. The Escambray Mountains are known for their rugged terrain, lush vegetation, and diverse wildlife. The range spans across the provinces of Sancti Spíritus, Villa Clara, and Cienfuegos.

Historically, the Escambray Mountains have played a significant role in Cuban history. During the Cuban War of Independence in the late 19th century, the mountains served as a refuge for rebel forces. Later, in the post-revolutionary period, the Escambray Mountains became a site of armed counter-revolutionary activity that was suppressed by the government.

The natural beauty of the Escambray Mountains has led to the development of eco-tourism. Several protected areas and national parks are located within the range, offering opportunities for hiking, caving, and birdwatching. The most notable of these is the Topes de Collantes Nature Reserve, a popular destination for both domestic and international tourists. The region's varied ecosystems support a rich biodiversity, including numerous endemic plant and animal species. The mountains also contain numerous caves, some of which are open to the public for exploration.