Ensyymien

Ensyymien, also known as enzymes, are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms. They are typically proteins, although some RNA molecules can also function as enzymes. Enzymes play a crucial role in various biological processes, including metabolism, digestion, and DNA replication. Each enzyme is highly specific, targeting a particular substrate or reactant to catalyze a specific chemical reaction. This specificity is due to the unique three-dimensional structure of the enzyme, which allows it to bind to its substrate in a precise manner. Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to occur, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction. They do not alter the equilibrium of a reaction, nor are they consumed in the process. Enzymes are influenced by factors such as temperature, pH, and the presence of inhibitors or activators. They are essential for the proper functioning of cells and are often used in industrial processes, such as food production and pharmaceuticals, due to their efficiency and specificity.