Endosimbiyoz

Endosimbiyoz, also known as endosymbiosis, is a biological relationship where one organism lives inside another organism. This relationship is often mutualistic, meaning both organisms benefit. A classic and widely accepted example of endosymbiosis is the origin of eukaryotic cells, specifically the mitochondria and chloroplasts. It is theorized that early eukaryotic cells engulfed, but did not digest, certain prokaryotic organisms. Over time, these engulfed prokaryotes evolved into organelles, with the host cell providing protection and nutrients, and the endosymbionts providing energy through respiration (mitochondria) or photosynthesis (chloroplasts). Evidence supporting this theory includes the fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own circular DNA, similar to bacterial DNA, and they reproduce independently of the host cell through binary fission. This ancient endosymbiotic event is considered a cornerstone in the evolution of complex life on Earth. The term "endosymbiosis" is derived from Greek roots: "endon" meaning within, "syn" meaning together, and "bios" meaning life.