Efnaformúla

Efnaformúla is the Icelandic word for chemical formula. A chemical formula is a way of representing the chemical composition of a substance using symbols and numbers. It indicates the types of atoms present and the number of atoms of each type in a molecule or compound. For example, the chemical formula for water is H₂O, indicating that each molecule of water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Similarly, the formula for carbon dioxide is CO₂, showing one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

Chemical formulas can vary in complexity. Empirical formulas represent the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. Molecular formulas show the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. Structural formulas provide further detail by illustrating the arrangement of atoms and the bonds between them. Understanding chemical formulas is fundamental to chemistry as it allows for clear and concise communication about the composition and structure of matter. They are used in various contexts, including scientific research, industrial processes, and educational materials. The standardization of chemical formulas ensures universal comprehension among scientists worldwide.