ELISAmääritysten

ELISAmääritysten refers to quantitative measurements performed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. ELISA is a widely used laboratory immunoassay that detects the presence of antibodies or antigens in a sample. It is a plate-based technique that utilizes a solid-phase enzyme-linked antibody or antigen to detect and quantify a specific substance. The "määritysten" part is Finnish for "determinations" or "assays," indicating that it specifically refers to the process of quantifying something with ELISA.

The principle of ELISA involves immobilizing an antibody or antigen onto a solid surface, typically a microplate well. A sample suspected of containing the target analyte is then added. If the analyte is present, it will bind to the immobilized antibody or antigen. Subsequently, a second antibody, conjugated to an enzyme, is added. This enzyme-linked antibody also binds to the analyte, forming a sandwich complex. Finally, a substrate is added, which reacts with the enzyme to produce a detectable signal, usually a color change. The intensity of this signal is directly proportional to the amount of analyte present in the sample, allowing for quantitative determination.

ELISAmääritysten are employed in a vast array of applications. These include medical diagnostics for detecting infectious diseases (e.g., HIV, Lyme disease), monitoring disease progression, and measuring hormone levels. In research, they are used to quantify proteins, antibodies, and other biomolecules in biological samples. The food industry utilizes ELISA for detecting allergens, contaminants, and verifying product authenticity. The simplicity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness of ELISA make ELISAmääritysten a cornerstone technique in many scientific and industrial laboratories.