EEPROMmuisti

EEPROMmuisti is a type of non-volatile computer memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. The acronym EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. Unlike traditional ROM, which is programmed once and cannot be altered, or EPROM, which requires ultraviolet light to be erased, EEPROM allows for individual bytes or blocks of data to be selectively erased and rewritten without removing the chip from the device. This makes it ideal for storing configuration data, firmware, or small amounts of data that need to be updated periodically.

EEPROM technology relies on floating-gate transistors to store information. Each memory cell consists of a control gate and a floating gate, both insulated by an oxide layer. Applying a specific voltage can trap or release electrons on the floating gate, altering its conductivity and thus representing a binary 0 or 1. The data stored in EEPROM persists even when power is removed, which is its key characteristic as non-volatile memory.

While offering flexibility in reprogramming, EEPROM typically has slower write speeds and a limited number of write cycles compared to RAM. However, its non-volatility and the ability to update data in-system have made it a crucial component in many electronic devices, including microcontrollers, embedded systems, and consumer electronics, for storing essential settings and parameters.