Dosimetriai

Dosimetriai refers to the science and practice of measuring and assessing ionizing radiation doses. This field is crucial in various applications, including radiation therapy, nuclear safety, and occupational health. Dosimeters are the devices used to measure radiation exposure. These can range from simple personal dosimeters worn by workers to sophisticated detectors used in research and medical settings.

The unit of absorbed dose is the gray (Gy), defined as one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter. Equivalent dose, which accounts for the biological effectiveness of different types of radiation, is measured in sieverts (Sv). Effective dose further considers the sensitivity of different organs and tissues to radiation. Accurate dosimetry is essential for ensuring that radiation exposure remains below safe limits, protecting individuals and the public from potential harm.

In radiotherapy, precise dose calculations are vital for delivering therapeutic radiation to tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Nuclear facilities employ extensive dosimetry systems to monitor radiation levels and ensure worker safety. Similarly, in medical imaging procedures that involve radiation, dosimetry helps optimize image quality and reduce patient dose. The development of new and improved dosimetric techniques is an ongoing area of research, aiming for greater accuracy, sensitivity, and real-time monitoring capabilities.