Diszkontráta

The diszkontráta, or discount rate, is a key concept in finance and economics. It represents the interest rate at which a central bank lends money to commercial banks. This rate influences the cost of borrowing for banks, which in turn affects the interest rates they offer to their customers. Central banks use the diszkontráta as a tool for monetary policy, aiming to manage inflation and stimulate or cool down economic activity.

When a central bank lowers the diszkontráta, it becomes cheaper for commercial banks to borrow money. This can encourage them to lend more to businesses and individuals, potentially boosting investment and consumption. Conversely, raising the diszkontráta makes borrowing more expensive, which can help curb inflation by reducing the amount of money circulating in the economy.

The diszkontráta is distinct from other interest rates, such as the overnight lending rate or the deposit rate, although it is closely related to them. It is typically set by the monetary policy committee of the central bank and is announced regularly. The effectiveness of the diszkontráta as a monetary policy tool can depend on various factors, including the overall health of the financial system and the responsiveness of commercial banks and the public to changes in borrowing costs. Understanding the diszkontráta is crucial for comprehending how central banks influence monetary conditions and the broader economy.