Direkteinsprøytning

Direkteinsprøytning, also known as Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) or Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI), is a type of internal combustion engine fuel delivery system. Unlike traditional port injection systems where fuel is injected into the intake manifold or port, direct injection systems inject fuel directly into the combustion chamber. This allows for more precise control over the fuel-air mixture and its distribution within the cylinder.

The primary advantage of direct injection is improved fuel efficiency and reduced emissions. By injecting fuel directly into the cylinder, the engine can operate with leaner fuel-air mixtures under certain conditions, which helps to save fuel. Additionally, the cooling effect of the evaporating fuel within the combustion chamber can reduce the tendency for knocking, allowing for higher compression ratios and further efficiency gains.

Direct injection systems typically utilize high-pressure fuel pumps and injectors designed to withstand the extreme pressures and temperatures of the combustion chamber. The timing and amount of fuel injected are precisely controlled by the engine control unit (ECU) based on various sensor inputs, such as engine speed, load, and temperature. This allows for stratified charge operation, where a richer mixture is created around the spark plug for ignition, while the rest of the combustion chamber has a leaner mixture.

While offering significant benefits, direct injection technology can also present challenges. The increased complexity of the fuel system can lead to higher manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the absence of fuel washing over intake valves can lead to carbon buildup on these components over time, potentially affecting engine performance and emissions if not properly managed through engine design and maintenance. Despite these challenges, direct injection has become a dominant technology in modern gasoline engines due to its efficiency and performance advantages.