Diiselkütusel

Diiselkütus, also known as diesel fuel, is a type of fuel oil derived from petroleum. It is primarily used in diesel engines, which are characterized by their compression-ignition system where fuel is ignited by the heat generated from compressing air. Diiselkütus has a higher energy density and is less volatile than gasoline, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications. Its combustion process is different from that of gasoline engines, which use spark plugs for ignition.

The composition of diiselkütus varies depending on the crude oil source and refining processes, but it typically consists of hydrocarbons with carbon atom chains ranging from approximately C12 to C20. Key properties include cetane number, which indicates the fuel's ignitability, and viscosity, which affects lubrication and atomization. Sulfur content has historically been a concern due to its environmental impact, leading to the development of ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuels.

Diiselkütus powers a wide range of vehicles, including trucks, buses, trains, ships, and many agricultural and construction machines. It is also used in generators for electricity production and in some heating systems. The widespread use of diiselkütus is due to the efficiency and torque characteristics of diesel engines, particularly for hauling heavy loads over long distances. However, the emissions from diesel engines, including nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, have been a focus of environmental regulations and technological advancements aimed at reducing their impact.