Dihüdrofoosfaat

Dihüdrofoosfaat, also known as hydrogen phosphate, is an anion with the chemical formula HPO₄²⁻. It is a species derived from phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) where two of the three hydrogen atoms have been removed. In aqueous solutions, dihydrogen phosphate exists in equilibrium with other phosphate species, including phosphate (PO₄³⁻) and monohydrogen phosphate (HPO₄²⁻), the exact proportions of which are dependent on the pH of the solution.

Dihüdrofoosfaat plays a crucial role in biological systems. It is a component of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of cells, and is also involved in buffering systems that maintain cellular pH. In the context of nutrition, dihydrogen phosphate is a source of phosphorus, an essential mineral required for bone health, energy metabolism, and DNA synthesis.

Industrially, dihydrogen phosphate salts, such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄), have various applications. They are used as food additives, acting as leavening agents, emulsifiers, and pH regulators in processed foods. These salts also find use in water treatment, as fertilizers, and in the production of detergents. The properties of dihydrogen phosphate salts, such as their solubility and buffering capacity, make them versatile compounds in numerous chemical processes and consumer products.