Deoksisytidiinin

Deoksisytidiinin, known in English as 2'-deoxycytidine, is a nucleoside consisting of the pyrimidine base cytosine linked to a 2'-deoxyribose sugar. It is one of the building blocks of DNA, forming part of the deoxyribonucleotide pool used in DNA synthesis and repair.

In DNA, deoxycytidine pairs with deoxyguanosine through three hydrogen bonds. The sugar component is beta-D-2'-deoxyribose, and the glycosidic bond connects the N1 position of cytosine to the C1' carbon of the sugar. This configuration distinguishes it from the ribonucleoside cytidine, which contains ribose.

Biosynthesis and metabolism: deoxycytidine can be generated and salvaged from DNA turnover and processed by cellular nucleotide salvage pathways. It can be phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase to form dCMP, and subsequently dCDP and dCTP, which are used in DNA replication and repair. Deoxycytidine and its phosphorylated forms are interconvertible with other deoxynucleotides through cellular kinases and nucleotidases.

Distinctions and occurrence: deoxycytidine is distinct from cytidine, the corresponding ribonucleoside found in RNA, due to the absence of the 2'-hydroxyl group on the sugar. Deoxycytidine is a ubiquitous component of DNA in all domains of life and serves as a key substrate in nucleotide metabolism and DNA synthesis.