Damp

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate, abbreviated dAMP, is a deoxyribonucleotide monophosphate composed of the deoxyribose sugar, the adenine base, and a single phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon. It is the monophosphate form of deoxyadenosine and is one of the four deoxyribonucleotide monophosphates that participate in cellular nucleotide metabolism.

In DNA metabolism, dAMP is part of the deoxynucleotide pool that supports DNA synthesis and repair. The primary substrates for DNA polymerases are the corresponding triphosphates (dATP, dGTP, dCTP, and dTTP), but the monophosphates, including dAMP, play important roles in nucleotide balance, salvage pathways, and regulatory processes governing dNTP pools.

Biosynthesis and turnover involve phosphorylation and dephosphorylation steps. dAMP is formed from deoxyadenosine by nucleoside monophosphate kinases and can be further phosphorylated to dADP and then to dATP by nucleotide kinases. It can also be dephosphorylated back to deoxyadenosine by 5'-nucleotidases. Interconversion among dAMP, dADP, and dATP helps maintain balanced deoxynucleotide levels required for accurate DNA replication and repair, and to prevent mutagenesis due to imbalanced pools.

Physiological levels of dAMP vary with cell type and metabolic state and are measurable in research and clinical contexts. Analytical methods such as chromatography and mass spectrometry are used to quantify dAMP as part of studies on nucleotide metabolism, cellular proliferation, and cancer biology.