Daemonology

Daemonology is the study of demons and beliefs about them. It is a subject found in various religions, mythologies, and occult traditions. In many of these systems, demons are understood as spiritual beings, often considered malevolent or fallen entities, though their roles and nature can vary significantly. Some traditions depict demons as antagonists to humanity, while others see them as intermediaries or even figures with specific, though often negative, powers.

The concept of demons can be traced back to ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Persian religions. In Abrahamic religions, particularly Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, demons are often associated with a fallen angel named Satan or Iblis, who rebelled against God. Christian demonology, for instance, details a hierarchy of demons and their influence on the physical and spiritual world. Islamic demonology also features the jinn, some of whom are considered evil.

Throughout history, the understanding and depiction of demons have evolved, influenced by cultural contexts and theological developments. During the medieval and early modern periods in Europe, daemonology was often intertwined with witchcraft trials, where alleged demonic pacts and influence were central to accusations. Modern approaches to daemonology can be found in comparative religion, folklore studies, and within certain esoteric or occult practices, where demons may be viewed symbolically, psychologically, or as entities to be understood and interacted with in ritualistic contexts. The term is also used in relation to fictional portrayals in literature, film, and games.