DVBT

DVB-T stands for Digital Video Broadcasting — Terrestrial. It is a standard for delivering digital television and other multimedia services over terrestrial broadcast networks. The standard was developed by the DVB Project and first published in 1997 as part of ETSI EN 300 744. DVB-T networks are used in many countries to replace analog television, providing multiple channels within a single broadcast spectrum and enabling mobile reception in some cases.

Technically, DVB-T uses orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) to transmit data. It supports several modulation schemes, including QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM, selected based on signal quality and coverage. The system employs a concatenated forward error correction scheme, combining an outer Reed-Solomon code with an inner convolutional code, with selectable code rates. It supports different channel bandwidths, commonly 6, 7, or 8 MHz, and uses FFT sizes of 2K or 8K with adjustable guard intervals to balance robustness and efficiency.

Content is carried in MPEG-2 or MPEG-4/HEVC video streams within MPEG-2 Transport Streams, multiplexed with audio and data services. DVB-T supports single-frequency networks (SFNs), allowing multiple transmitters on the same frequency to cover large areas and improve spectrum efficiency. Reception is robust in multipath environments and can be received by fixed rooftop antennas as well as portable or mobile receivers in suitable markets.

Deployment has enabled the transition from analog to digital television in many regions, particularly in Europe and parts of Asia, Africa, and Oceania. The standard is commonly used for broadcast of standard-definition and high-definition channels, depending on available bandwidth.

DVB-T2, a successor introduced later, offers higher spectral efficiency and greater resilience to interference, enabling more channels or higher quality within the same spectrum. Many regions have begun or completed DVB-T to DVB-T2 migrations, while some markets continue to operate DVB-T in parallel.