Cárthaighs

Cárthaighs refers to a prominent Gaelic Irish noble family, also known as the McCarthy or MacCarthy, with deep historical roots in the province of Munster. Their lineage is traced back to Eoghan Mór, a legendary king of Munster, and they rose to significant power in the early medieval period. The name Cárthaigh itself is believed to be derived from the Old Irish word "cárthach," meaning "loving" or "kindred."

Historically, the Cárthaighs were the dominant ruling dynasty in the kingdom of Desmond, a territory that encompassed much of modern-day County Cork and parts of County Kerry. They held the title of Kings of Desmond for centuries, wielding considerable political and military influence. Notable branches of the family include the MacCarthy Reagh and the MacCarthy of Muskerry, each controlling their own lordships within Desmond.

The family's power began to decline with the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century and the subsequent English colonization. Despite facing increased pressure from English lords and the Crown, the Cárthaighs maintained a degree of autonomy and continued to resist English encroachment for centuries. Many members of the family played significant roles in Irish rebellions and political movements throughout the medieval and early modern periods. Today, the surname McCarthy remains common in Ireland and among the Irish diaspora.