Coscinodiscophyceae

Coscinodiscophyceae is a class of diatoms, which are a major group of algae. Diatoms are single-celled organisms that are characterized by their intricate cell walls, called frustules, which are made of silica. These frustules are often beautifully patterned and are a key feature used in diatom identification. Coscinodiscophyceae are predominantly marine and freshwater plankton, playing a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems as primary producers. They form a significant portion of the phytoplankton biomass and are a vital food source for many aquatic organisms.

The frustules of Coscinodiscophyceae typically exhibit radial symmetry, meaning they have a circular or star-like appearance when viewed from the valve face. This radial symmetry distinguishes them from many other diatom groups, such as the pennate diatoms which have bilateral symmetry. Reproduction in Coscinodiscophyceae occurs asexually through cell division, a process that leads to a gradual decrease in cell size over successive generations. Sexual reproduction can also occur, leading to the formation of auxospores which restore the original cell size. Fossil diatoms, including those from the Coscinodiscophyceae, are found in sediments and are used in paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental studies due to their sensitivity to water chemistry and temperature. Their widespread distribution and ecological importance make them valuable indicators of environmental conditions.