Chrismá

Chrismá is a traditional winter rite observed in the coastal archipelago of Surnia by several communities. It marks the turning of the year, reinforces social bonds, and centers on themes of blessing, protection, and renewal. The ceremony typically takes place on or near the winter solstice, though local calendars may shift the date by a few days.

Its name derives from the local language, where chrí- denotes oil and -mha signifies binding or sealing. The earliest written records mention chrismá in parish and maritime logs from the 14th century, and variants in pronunciation survive across islands.

At the heart of chrismá is the use of chrism, a consecrated oil prepared by elder ritualists. The oil is used to anoint doorframes, hearths, and participants' hands. The ceremony also includes candle lighting, a shared meal, the telling of stories, and the exchange of small tokens called marcas.

The oil represents protection and blessing; candles symbolize light against darkness; the communal meal reinforces mutual obligation and solidarity.

Historically central to village life and seasonal economy, chrismá remains significant in many coastal communities. In some areas, it coexists with secular winter celebrations or has been adapted for tourism and education, while preserving core rituals and songs. Scholars describe chrismá as an example of intangible cultural heritage whose continuity depends on community participation.