Chlormethan

Chlormethan, also known as methyl chloride, is a colorless gas with the chemical formula CH3Cl. It is a haloalkane and is a methyl halide. Chlormethan is flammable and has a faint, sweet odor. It occurs naturally in the environment, produced by volcanic activity and by the decomposition of organic matter. Industrially, it is produced through the reaction of methanol with hydrogen chloride.

Chlormethan is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in the production of other chemicals, most notably silicones. It is also used in the manufacture of tetraethyllead, an antiknock agent for gasoline, although its use in this application has declined due to environmental regulations. Other applications include its use as a refrigerant, an aerosol propellant, and a solvent.

Exposure to chlormethan can cause various health effects. Inhalation of high concentrations can lead to central nervous system depression, resulting in symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, nausea, and even unconsciousness. It can also irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Prolonged or repeated exposure can cause liver and kidney damage, as well as neurological problems. Due to its toxicity and flammability, chlormethan is handled with strict safety precautions in industrial settings. Its use has been restricted in some consumer products due to these concerns.