Carbonaro

Carbonaro is an Italian term that historically refers to a charcoal burner or charcoal worker. In addition to its occupational meaning, carbonaro is a surname of Italian origin and is borne by individuals of Italian descent. The word is also connected to the Carbonari, a network of secret revolutionary societies active in the early 19th century across the Italian peninsula, including the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The Carbonari promoted liberal constitutional reforms, national unification, and opposition to absolute rule, operating through clandestine cells and coded symbolism. Although they varied in organization and influence over time and geography, the Carbonari are regarded as an important early influence on the Risorgimento and the broader movement toward Italian unification, inspiring subsequent liberal and nationalist activities in various Italian states.

As a surname, carbonaro appears in Italian communities and among people of Italian heritage. Notable individuals with the surname include Michael Carbonaro (born 1976), an American magician and actor known for the television program The Carbonaro Effect. The name can be found in historical records, literature, and contemporary media, reflecting its dual roots as both an occupational term and a family name.

See also: Carbonari, Charcoal burner.