CB2reseptorin

The CB2 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that is a key component of the endocannabinoid system. It is primarily expressed in the immune system and hematopoietic cells, though it can also be found in other tissues like the spleen, tonsils, and pancreas. Unlike the CB1 receptor, which is highly concentrated in the central nervous system, the CB2 receptor is largely absent from the brain, suggesting a different set of physiological roles.

The main function of the CB2 receptor is to modulate immune responses. Activation of CB2 receptors by cannabinoids, such as anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), or by exogenous compounds like phytocannabinoids (e.g., THC, CBD), can lead to anti-inflammatory effects. This is achieved through various signaling pathways that influence cytokine production, immune cell migration, and proliferation. Research indicates that CB2 receptor activation can suppress the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and promote the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Due to its role in immune modulation, the CB2 receptor has become a target for therapeutic interventions. Its activation is being investigated for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, pain management, and even neurodegenerative conditions where inflammation plays a role. The development of selective CB2 receptor agonists and antagonists aims to harness its therapeutic potential while minimizing unwanted side effects associated with CB1 receptor activation, such as psychoactivity.