C6H4ClNH2

C6H4ClNH2 is the chemical formula for chloroaniline. This formula represents a group of isomeric organic compounds where a chlorine atom and an amino group are attached to a benzene ring. There are three possible positional isomers: 2-chloroaniline (ortho-chloroaniline), 3-chloroaniline (meta-chloroaniline), and 4-chloroaniline (para-chloroaniline). Each isomer has distinct physical and chemical properties. Generally, chloroanilines are crystalline solids at room temperature and are sparingly soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.

These compounds are typically synthesized through the reduction of corresponding nitrochlorobenzenes. For example, 4-chloroaniline is often produced by reducing 4-nitrochlorobenzene. Chloroanilines are important intermediates in the synthesis of various chemicals, including dyes, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. Their reactivity stems from both the amino group, which can undergo reactions like diazotization and acylation, and the chlorine atom, which can be involved in nucleophilic substitution reactions under certain conditions. Due to the presence of the amino group, chloroanilines are weakly basic. They are considered moderately toxic and require careful handling.