C2H3FO2

C2H3FO2 is the chemical formula for fluoroacetic acid, also known as monofluoroacetic acid (MFA). It is the fluorinated analogue of acetic acid, consisting of a carboxyl group attached to a methylene bearing a single fluorine atom (F-CH2-COOH). The molecule contains two carbon atoms, three hydrogen atoms, one fluorine atom and two oxygen atoms.

Chemically, fluoroacetic acid is a small aliphatic carboxylic acid. It is typically classified as a strong organic acid, with a pKa around 2.6, making it more acidic than acetic acid. It is soluble in water and compatible with many organic solvents, and it participates in standard carboxylate chemistry and various halogen-substitution reactions used in organic synthesis.

Occurrence and production are primarily in the context of industrial chemistry and research. Fluoroacetic acid is used as a chemical reagent in synthetic procedures and, historically in some regions, as a component in pesticide formulations. Its handling and use are regulated due to its toxicity and potential environmental impact.

Safety and hazards are the primary considerations. Fluoroacetic acid is highly toxic to mammals; ingestion or inhalation can be dangerous. In biological systems, it is metabolized to fluorocitrate, an inhibitor of aconitase in the citric acid cycle, which disrupts cellular energy production. It is corrosive and can cause severe irritation or burns to skin and eyes. Proper safety protocols, appropriate containment, and personal protective equipment are required in any handling or application.